As Semiconductor technology continues to evolve, the journey from a high-level design concept to a manufacturable chip has become increasingly complex. While RTL design and functional verification often receive significant attention, physical design plays an equally critical role in determining whether a chip meets its power, performance, and area targets. https://gstreturnfiling54319.wikipublicity.com/8028700/low_power_design_as_a_core_competency_in_modern_vlsi_engineering